Understanding gene therapy and its challenges
Gene therapy is an innovative approach that aims to treat genetic disorders by introducing healthy copies of a gene into a patient’s cells. To deliver these genes, scientists often use harmless carriers called vectors, which are often based on adeno-associated viruses (AAV). These vectors act like delivery vehicles, carrying the therapeutic gene to the right cells. However, many people naturally have antibodies against them, which can block treatment from working. After the first dose, the body often produces even more antibodies, making repeat treatments extremely difficult. Overcoming this immune barrier is essential to unlock the full potential of gene therapy.